Nervous System

Compiled by Oba Mike

Instruction: Practice without the answers first

1. The nervous system and endocrine system differ in:

a. Location of action

b. Duration of action

c. Type of action

d. Target of action

2. The division of the nervous system that communicates with body cells and tissues:

a. Central nervous system

b. Peripheral nervous system

c. Autonomic nervous system

d. Somatic nervous system

3. The following are facts about neurons except:

a. The human body has over 100 billion neurons.

b. Neurons are surrounded and protected by neuroglia.

c. They constantly undergo mitotic divisions to increase in number.

d. Damaged neurons are replaced by neuroglia.

4. The structure of the neuron is maintained by:

a. Cell body

b. Axon

c. Dendrite

d. Myelin sheath

5. DNA in the neuron is found in:

a. Cell body

b. Axon

c. Dendrite

d. Node of Ranvier

6. Action potentials arrive the cell body of the neuron through:

a. Axon

b. Dendrites

c. Myelin sheath

d. Node of Ranvier

7. About myelination:

a. It is formed in the dendrites

b. It maintains the structure of the neuron

c. It occurs in all neurons

d. It speed up action potentials

8. Myelination in the central nervous system is done by:

a. Astrocytes

b. Schwann cells

c. Oligodendrocytes

d. Ependymal cells

9. Structurally, motor neurons are:

a. Unipolar

b. Bipolar

c. Multipolar

d. Hexagonal

10. The olfactory area of the brain contains what type of neurons:

a. Unipolar

b. Bipolar

c. Multipolar

d. All of the above

11. What kind of neurons are found in the brain:

a. Sensory neurons

b. Motor neurons

c. Interneurons

d. Mixed neurons

12. A neuroglia of the peripheral nervous system is:

a. Astrocyte

b. Microglia

c. Ependymal cell

d. Schwann cell

13. Cerebrospinal fluid is secreted by:

a. Astrocytes

b. Oligodendrocyte

c. Schwann cell

d. Ependymal cells

14. Collections of cell bodies in the central nervous system forms:

a. Nuclei

b. Ganglia

c. Tracts

d. Nerves

15. Bundles of axons in the peripheral nervous system forms:

a. Nuclei

b. Ganglia

c. Tracts

d. Nerves

16. Centrally located gray matter can be found in:

a. Cerebellum, Pons and Medulla

b. Spinal cord, medulla and Pons

c. Medulla Midbrain and Cerebellum

d. Pons midbrain and cerebrum

17. Communication between different regions of the central nervous system is done by:

a. Nerves

b. Gray matter

c. White matter

d. Nuclei

18. The major content of the gray matter is:

a. Axons

b. Dendrites

c. Cell bodies

d. Neuroglia

19. The synaptic cleft is a feature seen in:

a. Electrical synapse

b. Chemical synapse

c. Axodendritic synapse

d. Axosomatic synapse

20. Communication between presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons is usually by:

a. Synaptic vesicles

b. Neurotransmitters

c. Action potentials

d. Axon terminals

21. The most superficial meninx is:

a. Dura mater

b. Arachnoid mater

c. Pia mater

d. White mater

22. The space between the meninges and bony covering is called:

a. Subarachnoid space

b. Epidural space

c. Subdural space

d. Central canal

23. A fold of dura mater demarcating the cerebrum from the cerebellum is called:

a. Dural venous sinus

b. Falx cerebri

c. Falx cerebelli

d. Tentorium cerebelli

24. The extent of the spinal cord:

a. C1 – L1

b. C1 – L5

c. C2 – S1

d. C2 – S5

25. An example of a reflex action:

a. Running

b. Crying

c. Shivering

d. Smiling

26. The inferior terminal of the spinal cord:

a. Lumbar enlargement

b. Conus medullaris

c. Filium terminalis

d. Coccyx

 

 

27. There are ____________ pairs of cervical nerves

a. 5

b. 6

c. 7

d. 8

28. The anterior white commissure of the spinal cord:

a. Connects the gray and white mater

b. Connects the anterior median fissure with the posterior median sulcus

c. Connects ascending and descending tracts

d. Connects the Lateral aperture with the median aperture

29. The percentage of blood flow to the brain is:

a. 15% of cardiac output

b. 20% of cardiac output

c. 25% of cardiac output

d. 50% of cardiac output

30. Which is not a component of the forebrain?

a. Thalamus

b. Hypothalamus

c. Pons

d. Habenular nucleus

31. The respiratory centre that regulates breathing is located at:

a. Medulla oblongata

b. Pons

c. Midbrain

d. Cerebellum

32. Decussation of motor fibres from the cerebrum occurs at:

a. Brainstem

b. Cerebellum

c. Diencephalon

d. Spinal cord

33. Maintenance of posture, balance and equilibrium is the role of the:

a. Brainstem

b. Diencephalon

c. Cerebellum

d. Cerebrum

34. The frontal lobe is separated from the temporal lobe by:

a. Longitudinal fissure

b. Temporomandibular fissure

c. Central sulcus

d. Lateral sulcus

35. The cerebral hemispheres are connected internally by:

a. Falx cerebri

b. Falx cerebelli

c. Internal capsule

d. Corpus callosum

 

 

36. The primary somatosensory area is located at:

a. Frontal lobe

b. Temporal lobe

c. Parietal lobe

d. Occipital lobe

37. The visual cortex is found in:

a. Frontal lobe

b. Parietal lobe

c. Temporal lobe

d. Occipital lobe

38. An area devoted to language processing is:

a. Broca’s area

b. Wernicke’s area

c. Broadmann’s area

d. Auditory area

39. The third and fourth ventricles of the brain are connected by:

a. Cerebral aqueduct

b. Interventricular foramen

c. Median aperture

d. Lateral aperture

40. During the course of cerebrospinal fluid, it enters the subarachnoid space via:

 a. Arachnoid villi

b. Cerebral acqueduct

c. Septum pellucidum

d. Lateral aperture

41. Which is not a function of neuroglia?

a. Production of action potentials

b. Formation of myelin

c. Secretion of cerebrospinal fluid

d. Formation of blood-brain barrier

42. All are cells of the nervous system except:

a. Neuron

b. Glia cells

c. Neuroglia

d. None of the above

43. Impulses leave the neuron via the:

a. Cell body

b. Axon

c. Dendrite

d. Perikaryon

44. Motor neurons are mainly:

a. Unipolar

b. Bipolar

c. Multipolar

d. Pseudounipolar

45. Nodes of Ranvier are unmyelinated regions of:

a. Axons

b. Dendrite

c. Cell body

d. Synapse

46. Unipolar neurons are mostly found as:

a. Peripheral nerve cells

b. Sensory receptors

c. Bone cells

d. Ependymal cells

47. The deepest of the meninges is:

a. Arachnoid mater

b. Pia mater

c. Dura mater

d. White mater

48. Which of these structures lack neurons?

a. Skin

b. Hair

c. Brain

d. Ear

49. Which is true about a neuron and a nerve?

a. A neuron is found in the central nervous system while the nerve is part of the peripheral nervous system.

b. A neuron is a cell while a nerve is a collection of axons

c. Neurons transport impulses while nerves do not

d. Nerves are found all over the body while neurons are restricted to the brain and spinal cord.

50. Which of these parts of a neuron makes direct contact with the spinal cord?

a. Axon of a sensory neuron

b. Axon of a motor neuron

c. Dendrite of a sensory neuron

d. Dendrite of a motor neuron

51. Which of these parts of a neuron makes direct contact with the skin?

a. Axon of a sensory neuron

b. Axon of a motor neuron

c. Dendrite of a sensory neuron

d. Dendrite of a motor neuron

52. Nerves to the upper limb mostly arise from:

a. Cervical nerves

b. Thoracic nerves

c. Lumbar nerves

d. Sacral nerves

53. A site for the integration of reflex actions is:

a. Cerebellum

b. Spinal cord

c. Cerebrum

d. White matter

54. Which of these is an ascending tract?

a. Corticospinal tract

b. Spinocerebellar tract

c. Rubrospinal tract

d. Vestibulospinal tract

55. The location of the first spinal nerve is:

a. Above the atlas

b. Above the axis

c. Below the foramen magnum

d. Above the foramen magnum

56. Which of these statements is incorrect?

a. There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves

b. Nerves are bundles of axons in the central nervous system

c. White matter contains myelinated axons

d. The cerebrum has a peripheral gray matter

57. The spinal cord is continuous superiorly as:

a. Cerebrum

b. Medulla oblongata

c. Pons

d. Cerebellum

58. The meninx closest to the central nervous system is:

a. Dura mater

b. Arachnoid mater

c. Pia mater

d. Gray mater

59. The spinal cord contains:

a. Sensory neurons

b. Motor neurons

c. Interneurons

d. Sensory receptors

60. Which of these cells secrete myelin?

a. Ependymal cells

b. Satellite cells

c. Astrocytes

d. Schwann cells

61. Injury to the spinal cord mostly lead to paralysis of structures supplied by:

a. The injured area only

b. The injured area and above

c. The injured area and below

d. The entire spinal cord

62. Cerebrospinal fluid is absent in:

a. Epidural space

b. Subarachnoid space

c. Spinal central canal

d. Fourth ventricle

63. A component of the hindbrain is:

a. Cerebellum

b. Cerebrum

c. Thalamus

d. Diencephalon

64. In an axodendritic synapse, the postsynaptic neuron begins with its:

a. Cell body

b. Dendrite

c. Axon

d. Either B or C

65. The visual cortex is located at:

a. Frontal lobe

b. Occipital lobe

c. Parietal lobe

d. Temporal lobe

 

66. Multipolar neurons usually have:

a. Several cell bodies

b. Several axons

c. Several dendrites

d. Either of the above

67. Which of these neurons will be found in the retina?

a. Pseudounipolar

b. Unipolar

c. Bipolar

d. Multipolar

68. Neurons found within the brain and spinal cord are:

a. Pseudounipolar

b. Unipolar

c. Bipolar

d. Multipolar

69. In neurons, mitochondria are found in:

a. Nodes of Ranvier

b. Corpus

c. Dendrites

d. None of the above

70. Sensory receptors are:

a. Axons

b. Dendrites

c. Cell bodies

d. All of the above

71. The first spinal nerve is located:

a. Between the foramen magnum and first cervical vertebra

b. Superior to the first cervical vertebra

c. Between the first and second cervical vertebra

d. Between the second and third cervical vertebra

72. What is falx cerebelli?

a. A tissue of the cerebellum

b. A fold of dura mater

c. A fiber of the cranial nerve

d. The functional unit of the cerebellum

73. The spinal nerve located between T4 and T5 is:

a. T4 nerve

b. T5 nerve

c. Both T4 and T5 nerve

d. Neither T4 nor T5 nerve

74. The integrating centre of the spinal cord is:

a. White matter

b. Gray matter

c. Arachnoid mater

d. Pia mater

75. Cell bodies in the brain form?

a. Clusters

b. Bundles

c. Ganglia

d. Nuclei

76. Ascending tracts are:

a. Found in the spinal cord only

b. Sensory tracts

c. Motor tracts

d. Autonomic tracts

77. Cerebrospinal fluid is absent in:

a. Ventricles of the brain

b. Epidural space

c. Subarachnoid space

d. Central canal of the spinal cord

78. The primary purpose of the spinal cord is:

a. To transmit electrical signals around the brain

b. To transmit electrical signal between the brain and the rest of the body

c. To secrete hormones and neurotransmitters

d. To facilitate communication between the two cerebral hemispheres.

79. Neurotransmitters are:

a. Produced by muscles

b. Signal molecules released at synapse

c. Found only in myelinated neurons

d. Transporters of electrical impulse

80. The cardiac centre is located at:

a. Medulla oblongata

b. Thalamus

c. Cerebellum

d. Cerebral cortex

81. A part of the forebrain is:

a. Medulla oblongata

b. Pons

c. Cerebellum

d. Hypothalamus

82. The hypothalamus and thalamus are parts of:

a. Diencephalon

b. Cerebrum

c. Cerebellum

d. Limbic system

83. The spinal cord is continuous superiorly with:

a. Medulla oblongata

b. Pons

c. Midbrain

d. Cerebellum

84. The location of the spinal cord:

a. Vertebral column

b. Vertebral canal

c. Vertebral foramen

d. Vertebral socket

85. The brain weighs about:

a. 1kg

b. 1.4kg

c. 2kg

d. 2.5kg

Use the diagram below to answer questions 86 – 95

 image credit: quizlet.com

86. Identify the structure:

a. Nerve cell

b. Schwann cell

c. Astrocyte

d. None of the above

87. The part labelled ‘C’ is:

a. Axon

b. Dendrite

c. Node of Ranvier

d. Myelin

88. The cell body is:

a. A

b. B

c. E

d. F

89. Stimuli arrive the structure via:

a. A

b. B

c. C

d. D

90. The part labelled ‘D’ mostly form synapse with:

a. Axon

b. Soma

c. Dendrite

d. Cell body

91. The white matter is formed by:

a. A

b. B

c. E

D. G

92. Neurotransmitters are situated at:

a. A

b. D

c. E

d. H

93. The structure is:

a. Unipolar

b. Bipolar

c. Multipolar

d. Pseudounipolar

94. A structural variant of it is found mostly in:

a. The Brain

b. The spinal cord

c. The retina

d. The Cerebrum

95. The human body is estimated to contain how many of this structure?

a. 10 million

b. 100 million

c. 10 billion

d. 100 billion

Use the diagram below to answer questions 96 – 100

 

image credit: Pinterest

96. Identify the structure

a. Brain

b. Skull

c. Cranium

d. Cerebrum

97. The cerebellum is marked:

a. 1

b. 2

c. 4

d. 6

98. The part marked ‘8’ is:

a. Brainstem

b. Medulla oblongata

c. Pons

d. Spinal cord

99. The pituitary gland is marked:

a. 9

b. 10

c. 11

d. 12

100. Maintenance of posture, balance and equilibrium is the role of:

a. 1

b. 6

c. 7

d. 8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ANSWERS

1. B

2. B

3. C

4. A

5. A

6. B

7. D

8. C

9. C

10. B

11. C

12. D

13. D

14. A

15. D

16. B

17. C

18. C

19. B

20. B

21. A

22. B

23. D

24. A

25. C

26. B

27. D

28. B

29. A

30. C

31. A

32. A

33. C

34. D

35. D

36. C

37. D

38. B

39. B

40. D

41. A

42. D

43. B

44. C

45. A

46. B

47. B

48. B

49. B

50. A

51. C

52. A

53. B

54. B

55. B

56. B

57. B

58. C

59. C

60. A

61. C

62. A

63. A

64. B

65. B

66. C

67. C

68. D

69. B

70. B

71. C

72. B

73. A

74. B

75. D

76. B

77. B

78. B

79. B

80. A

81. D

82. A

83. A

84. B

85. B

86. A

87. C

88. B

89. A

90. C

91. D

92. D

93. C

94. C

95. D

96. A

97. D

98. D

99. D

100. B